RE: Multi-Factor Authentication Concern

["David Gillett" <gillettdavid () fhda edu>]

  The nuclear launch safeguard is NOT an example of "Multi-Factor
Authentication", but of "Segregation of Duties".  (It's an unusual 
case in that the segregation can apparently be completely symmetric
-- not usually the case in business! -- but that's not relevant to
this discussion.)

  Each launch operator is effectively both identified and 
authenticated by their key.  The security here is not robustness 
of authentication (presumably physical access to the site is 
considered sufficient...), but controlling against rogue internals 
by requiring collusion.
  It's the use of a different sort of control to mitigate against 
a different kind of security threat.

David Gillett