New survey report published: The regulatory conditions of internet interconnection

[Uta Meier-Hahn <meier-hahn () hiig de>]

Hi,

A couple of months ago, I asked you to share your experiences with regards to public regulation of internet 
interconnection in a survey. Many networkers from around the globe participated. Thank you!

The report has now been published. I’m including the executive summary below. The full paper can be downloaded at 
<http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2740312>. Feel free to share this link wherever you see fit.

Thanks again for providing your highly valuable input. I will be happy to hear what you think about the results.

Best wishes,

Uta


# Exploring the regulatory conditions of internet interconnection

## Executive summary

Network interconnection is a central feature of the internet that has been subject to only little formal regulation. 
However, local public regulation is starting to emerge – be it through disclosure regulations, mandatory peering or 
licensing terms. Due to the networked nature of the internet, local rules may acquire a global scope.

This report explores internet interconnection professionals’ encounters with public regulation and it provides an 
initial overview about how this regulation affects internet connectivity. On the basis of a convenience sample of 163 
survey submissions, the following has been found:

* Nine out of ten kinds of regulation presented to the participants have been encountered by more than half of them. 
This result gives reason to revisit the widespread notion that internet interconnection is an unregulated space. 66% of 
the participants have encountered a regulatory authority that imposes its own technical or operational standards. 
Moreover, imposition of regulatory standards was regarded to be the most influential on internet interconnection 
practices, together with competition laws (both 67%).

* Local regulation of internet interconnection creates a tension between the regulated and the unregulated space in the 
internet. In order to overcome the normative difference, network operators need to make an extra effort. The degree to 
which network operators are affected by local regulation depends on a networks’ structure rather than on its size. 
Local regulation raises more difficulties for the kinds of infrastructural innovations that depend on having many 
points of presence.

* For networkers, public regulation of internet interconnection is relevant in three thematic domains: 1) in the 
economies of internet interconnection, 2) in engineering and operations, and 3) in the modes of governance.

* Overarching observations note that public regulation of internet interconnection contributes to a formalisation of 
the otherwise very informal sector. It also shines a spotlight on how networks are categorised and are thereby 
“prepared” for the application of regulation. Further, various examples highlight how regulatory authorities co-opt 
internet infrastructure for new policy purposes that were previously not understood as central to internet operations, 
e.g., data retention.

* Local networkers value the presence of international network operators not only as potential peering partners but 
also as mediators for know-how about best practices and advanced modes of internet interconnection.

* Networkers are very critical about regulations that contradict engineering principles. The most accepted forms of 
regulation also apply in other societal spheres: basic rights for citizens, e.g., for broadband, and competition 
regulation.

—
Uta Meier-Hahn | Doctoral Researcher
Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society
Französische Straße 9 | 10117 Berlin
Phone +49 30 200 760-82 | http://www.hiig.de/en

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