Most emailed times article today

[Dave Farber <dave () farber net>]

Cronies in Arms
By PAUL KRUGMAN

In February 2001 Enron presented an imposing facade, but insiders knew
better: they were desperately struggling to keep their Ponzi scheme going.
When one top executive learned of millions in further losses, his e-mailed
response summed up the whole strategy: "Close a bigger deal. Hide the loss
before the 1Q."

The strategy worked. Enron collapsed, but not before insiders made off with
nearly $1 billion. The sender of that blunt e-mail sold $12 million in
stocks just before they became worthless. And now he's secretary of the
Army.
Dick Cheney vehemently denies that talk of war, just weeks before the
midterm elections, is designed to divert attention from other matters. But
in that case he won't object if I point out that the tide of corporate
scandal is still rising, and lapping ever closer to his feet.
An article in yesterday's Wall Street Journal confirmed what some of us have
long argued: market manipulation by energy companies ‹ probably the same
companies that wrote Mr. Cheney's energy plan, though he has defied a court
order to release task force records ‹ played a key role in California's
electricity crisis. And new evidence indicates that Mr. Cheney's handpicked
Army secretary was a corporate evildoer.
Mr. Cheney supposedly chose Thomas White for his business expertise. But
when it became apparent that the Enron division he ran was a money-losing
fraud, the story changed. We were told that Mr. White was an amiable guy who
had no idea what was actually going on, that his colleagues referred to him
behind his back as "Mr. Magoo." Just the man to run the Army in a two-front
Middle Eastern war, right?
But he was no Magoo. Jason Leopold, a reporter writing a book about
California's crisis, has acquired Enron documents that show Mr. White fully
aware of what his division was up to. Mr. Leopold reported his findings in
the online magazine Salon, and has graciously shared his evidence with me.
It's quite damning.
The biggest of several deals that allowed Mr. White to "hide the loss" ‹ a
deal in which the documents show him intimately involved ‹ was a 15-year
contract to supply electricity and natural gas to the Indiana pharmaceutical
company Eli Lilly. Any future returns from the deal were purely
hypothetical. Indeed, the contract assumed a deregulated electricity market,
which didn't yet exist in Indiana. Yet without delivering a single watt of
power ‹ and having paid cash up front to Lilly, not the other way around ‹
Mr. White's division immediately booked a multimillion-dollar profit.
Was this legal? There are certain cases in which companies are allowed to
use "mark to market" accounting, in which they count chickens before they
are hatched ‹ but normally this requires the existence of a market in
unhatched eggs, that is, a forward market in which you can buy or sell today
the promise to deliver goods at some future date. There were no forward
markets in the services Enron promised to provide; extremely optimistic
numbers were simply conjured up out of thin air, then reported as if they
were real, current earnings. And even if this was somehow legal, it was
grossly unethical.
If outsiders had known Enron's true financial position when Mr. White sent
that e-mail, the stock price would have plummeted. By maintaining the
illusion of success, insiders like Mr. White were able to sell their stock
at good prices to naïve victims ‹ people like their own employees, or the
Florida state workers whose pension fund invested $300 million in Enron
during the company's final months. As Fortune's recent story on corporate
scandal put it: "You bought. They sold."
It was crony capitalism at its worst. What kind of administration would keep
Mr. White in office?
A story in last week's Times may shed light on that question. It concerned
another company that sold a division, then declared that its employees had
"resigned," allowing it to confiscate their pensions. Yet this company did
exactly the opposite when its former C.E.O. resigned, changing the terms of
his contract so that he could claim full retirement benefits; the company
took an $8.5 million charge against earnings to reflect the cost of its
parting gift to this one individual. Only the little people get shafted.
The other company is named Halliburton. The object of its generosity was
Dick Cheney.  




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