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IP: ACLU Responds to Princeton "Clarification" of Internet
From: Dave Farber <farber () central cis upenn edu>
Date: Mon, 26 Aug 1996 11:02:18 -0400
Posted-Date: Mon, 26 Aug 1996 10:49:22 -0400 Date: Fri, 23 Aug 1996 20:45:09 GMT Reply-To: roundtable () cni org Sender: owner-roundtable () cni org From: beeson () usa pipeline com (Ann Beeson) To: Multiple recipients of list <roundtable () cni org> Subject: ACLU Responds to Princeton "Clarification" of Internet Censorship Policy X-To: fight-censorship () vorlon mit edu, roundtable () cni org X-Pipeuser: beeson X-Pipehub: usa.pipeline.com X-Pipegcos: (Ann Beeson) X-Listprocessor-Version: 7.2 -- ListProcessor by CREN AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION National Legal Department 132 West 43rd Street New York, New York 10036 (212) 944-9800 ----------------------------------------------------------------- ACLU Responds to Princeton "Clarification" of Internet Censorship Policy: End It, Don't Mend It FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Friday, August 23, 1996 Contact: Ann Beeson, ACLU National, 212-944-9800, x788 David Rocah, ACLU of New Jersey, 201-642-2086 NEW YORK--The American Civil Liberties Union today criticized Princeton University's "clarification" of its policy barring faculty, students and staff from using the schools' computer network for "political purposes," calling on the university to rescind the ban. The clarification memo was issued after the ACLU contacted Princeton in an August 15 letter, urging university officials to end its policy. According to the Princeton clarification, the policy was meant to prevent students and staff from "personal use" of the network specifically for "campaign activities." In a follow-up letter sent today to Princeton officials, the ACLU said the university's response "still falls short of constitutional requirements," and would only serve to confuse the issue further." The letter was signed by Ann Beeson, ACLU national staff attorney and David Rocah, staff attorney for the ACLU of New Jersey. "The clarification is as clear as mud," said David Rocah. "In fact, the only thing that's clear about Princeton's policy is that it is still unconstitutional." Rocah said the policy violates free speech protections in the New Jersey state constitution. In its memo, issued late yesterday, Princeton conceded that the policy was "overly broad," and stated that "students, faculty and staff are generally free to communicate their personal views on political candidates using e-mail and the Internet." But officials once again cited the university's not-for-profit status as a rationale for limiting speech, warning that "the IRS may deem personal use of University resources for campaign activities, including use of the Internet, to be political campaign activity by the University itself." That interpretation is still wrong, the ACLU countered. "As we pointed out in our initial letter, Internal Revenue Service rulings make clear that only campaigning by Princeton officials on behalf of the university could affect its tax-exempt status," said national staff attorney Ann Beeson. "Just as students have traditionally distributed political campaign material on the university commons, they have the right to send it through the Internet," Beeson added. "In fact, campaign literature is arguably the most fundamental type of speech in our democratic system of government. There is nothing more important than choosing our political leaders and knowing what they stand for." The letter urged Princeton to resolve the issue quickly as the presidential election approaches, and requested a meeting with Princeton officials to discuss the matter further. If the university refuses to drop its censorship policy, the ACLU said it would consider legal action. Note to Editors: The ACLU's August 23 letter to Princeton follows. Please contact our national press office at (212) 944-9800, ext. 414, for copies of the ACLU's original August 15 letter and copies of the Princeton policy memos. To access this information online, visit the ACLU's website <http://www.aclu.org> or America Online site (keyword: ACLU). -30- ----------------------------------------------------------------- TEXT OF LETTER FROM ACLU COUNSEL TO PRINCETON UNIVERSITY: August 23, 1996 BY FACSIMILE, E-MAIL, & REGULAR MAIL Howard S. Ende Office of General Counsel 120 Alexander Street, 2nd Floor Princeton, New Jersey 08544-2086 RE: Computer Use Policy Dear Mr. Ende: We believe the clarification you issued yesterday regarding Princeton's policy on use of the computer network for political purposes still falls short of constitutional requirements. We suggest a meeting with you and President Shapiro to discuss the issue further; we are both available for a meeting during the week of September 9 - 13. Specifically, the memo issued yesterday will further confuse Princeton students and staff regarding their political speech rights on the computer network, and thus will inhibit speech protected by the New Jersey State Constitution. The memo rightly concedes that the policy statement dated July 19, 1996 is "overly broad," and that "students, faculty and staff are generally free to communicate their person views on political candidates using e-mail and the internet." However, the memo goes on to state that "Nonetheless, we continue to ask everyone to bear in mind that the IRS may deem personal use of University resources for campaign activities, including use of the internet, to be political campaign activity by the University itself." This final sentence is inaccurate as a matter of law. As stated in our letter dated August 15, 1996, personal use of the network for "campaign activities" is constitutionally protected political speech and in no way threatens Princeton's tax-exempt status. See ACLU Letter to Princeton, 8/15/96, at 2. Because Princeton provides fair and equal access to the computer network to all University members, and allows use of the network for a variety of non-political purposes, the provision of computing facilities to students and staff, even for campaigning activities, will not jeopardize the university's 501(c)(3) status. The computer network is analogous to the Princeton commons, where university students and staff have long been free to distribute and obtain campaign literature and to encourage votes for particular political candidates. The fact that this activity is taking place on the computer network makes it no less protected political speech. In fact, campaign literature is arguably the most fundamental type of speech in our democratic system of government. There is nothing more important in choosing our political leaders than knowing what they stand for. The recent statement is also vague and fails to notify university members clearly as to whether personal use of the network for "campaign activities" is a violation of university policy. In addition, the University now has issued at least five separate policies and statements that govern use of the computer network for political purposes: the August 22, 1996 clarification memorandum; the July 19, 1996 memorandum on "Internet use and Policy;" the "Computer Use" guidelines at page 11 of the Rights, Rules, Responsibilities handbook; the "Guidelines Relating to the Tax-Exempt Status of the University and Political Activities," at pages 14-15 of the Rights, Rules, Responsibilities handbook; and the 1995-96 "Guidelines for use of Campus and Network Computing Resources." These conflicting policies and statements are sure to cause confusion among university members, which will inhibit students and staff from exercising their right to free speech on the computer network. If you continue to believe that 501(c)(3) restrictions prevent certain political communications over computer networks, we urge you to seek an advisory ruling on the matter from the Internal Revenue Service. In the meantime, all five policies and statements must be clearly and unequivocally suspended, and a statement must be issued clarifying that all university members and groups may engage in political speech and campaign activities over the computer network so long as they do not purport to speak for the university itself. Because we are nearing the end of an election year, it is crucial that this matter be resolved quickly in order to ensure that Princeton students and staff are able to exercise fully their political speech rights. Thank you for your prompt response to our prior letter and your willingness to continue this important discussion. Very truly yours, Ann Beeson, Staff Attorney American Civil Liberties Union National Legal Department 132 West 43rd Street New York, New York 10036 (212) 944-9800 x788 David Rocah, Staff Attorney American Civil Liberties Union of New Jersey 2 Washington Place Newark, NJ 07102 (201) 642-2086 cc: President Harold Shapiro
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- IP: ACLU Responds to Princeton "Clarification" of Internet Dave Farber (Aug 26)